Under the Building Code, all construction activities must comply with the requirements of the Act. In Estonia, this compliance is ensured primarily through two mechanisms: the building permit and the building notice. These documents guarantee that construction work is safe, complies with planning regulations, and considers the interests of the environment and neighboring properties. But when is a building permit required, and when is a building notice sufficient?
Building permit – for larger and more complex projects
When a building permit is needed – A building permit is needed if the works are likely to have a major impact on the surrounding environment, if the works will have a significant impact on the technical or natural environment, or if the work requires more supervision. For example:
- Building a new residential building
All new residential buildings with a gross floor area of more than 60 m² require a building permit. This applies to private houses as well as larger apartment blocks. - Major alterations
If the basic structure of the building is altered, a new floor is added or other major alterations are made, a building permit is required. - Certain types of facilities
Facilities such as sports facilities open to the public or larger technical structures (e.g. high-voltage substations) also require a building permit.
Applying for a building permit is a more detailed and time-consuming process, as it requires the preparation of a preliminary design, obtaining approvals and the issuance of a formal permit by the municipality. The fee may vary depending on the type and size of the building (e.g. €150 for a residential building).
Building notice – for smaller and simpler projects
When a building notice is needed – A building notice is a simplified procedure used for minor works where the impact on the surrounding environment and infrastructure is minor. Examples:
- Outbuildings and smaller structures
If you are building a shed, garage or outdoor kitchen with a gross floor area of less than 60 m², a building notice is sufficient. - Minor alterations
A building notice is required for minor repairs or renovations that do not alter the fundamental structure of the building or significantly affect neighboring properties (e.g., adding a balcony). - Construction of certain types of structures
For example, a building notice may be sufficient for a temporary structure or a small technical structure (e.g. a borehole).
The procedure for a building notice is faster and cheaper, as it does not require a comprehensive project or a government fee.
How to choose the right procedure?
If you are planning construction work, start by consulting your local authority or architect. Experts will be able to assess whether your project needs building permit or whether a building notice is sufficient. It is important that all the necessary documents are filled in correctly, as starting construction without the required permit or notice can lead to fines and the obligation to regularise the building afterwards.
Summary
The difference between a building permit and a building notice lies mainly in the complexity of the projects and the impact on the environment. If you are planning a smaller project, a building notice may be a more appropriate solution. However, for larger and more complex works, a building permit is essential.
It is good advice to do a thorough preparation and, if necessary, involve a specialist to make the process as smooth as possible. If the above sounded generally clear but still made you sigh, then get in touch with the Est Estate team and we’ll help you in this world!